Laminar flow characterizes the steady, orderly movement of a liquid in layers. Unlike turbulent flow, where particles move chaotically, laminar flow exhibits predictable patterns. That occurs when an fluid's velocity is relatively low and the viscosity persists high. In such a scenario, each layer of liquid slides smoothly past its neighboring laye

From self-directed machines performing routine tasks to advanced companions offering emotional guidance, the landscape of human interaction is undergoing a dramatic transformation. While robot technology has been around for decades, recent advancements in artificial intelligence and robotics have propelled these developments into the mainstream. Th